Peta: 1015
Peta is the SI prefix for one quadrillion. It comes from the Greek pente, meaning five, because it equals 1000 to the fifth power.
Petabyte
1015 bytes of data. Large archives, research collections and data centers are measured in petabytes. Its binary cousin, the pebibyte, is 250 bytes and about 12.6% larger.
Petaflops
1015 floating-point operations per second. Supercomputers first passed this mark in 2008 with the IBM Roadrunner.
Petawatt
1015 watts of power, reached only in extremely short pulses by high-power lasers. The first petawatt laser was demonstrated in 1996.
For scale: all of humanity uses roughly 20 terawatts (0.02 petawatts) of energy on average, counting every source from electricity to fuel and heat. A petawatt laser pulse briefly exceeds that by a factor of about 50.